REGIONAL AND SECTORAL ECONOMY
The article discusses the issues of economic security in connection with the problem of dependence of information technologies used in Russia from foreign manufacturers. The approach of setting information technologies as objects of economic security of the information infrastructure, which covers all economic systems and public administration, is used. Based on the methodology of choosing competitively capable solutions, applied solutions are proposed to ensure the protection of national interests.
The presented scientific article is devoted to the study of the level of economic security of coastal territories. The paper reveals the features of the development of coastal territories, using the example of the Kaliningrad region, the economic security of the region is assessed based on the ecosystem approach within the framework of the concept of sustainable development, and a number of recommendations are proposed for its strengthening.
The article presents the main strategic directions of economic development of the Kaliningrad region for the next 5 years from 2023 to 2027. Such points of growth of the regional economy as construction of the new economy and its main priorities, development of the agroindustrial complex and tourism are considered in more detail. Special attention in the article is paid to the detailed analysis of the current situation in a number of sectors of the region, successes and achievements of leading enterprises, and the study of major investment projects planned for implementation in the next five-year period.
The purpose of the paper is to develop a model for the optimal distribution of public resources in fisheries, based on the provisions of the theory of natural rent. We describe the main theoretical aspects of the rental approach to the distribution of fish resources, discuss the features of its practical implementation, and provide a model for making a decision on distribution based on the principles and tools of the rental approach. Although the methodology described is focused on fisheries issues, it is applicable to many other cases where natural resources are publicly owned and exploited under conditions of individualistic competition.
FINANCE. Regional and Sectoral Economy
The sanctions pressure has a significant impact on the development of the country's fisheries complex. The purpose of the study is to test the hypothesis of the negative impact of the increase in the sale of raw materials in the form of UBR abroad on the growth of the industrial product of the country's agricultural complex. A number of studies on the sanctioned regulation of the economic development of the fishing and fish farming industry are summarized. The switching mode of reproduction in relation to the internal and external economic activities of the agricultural complex is analyzed. A schematic mechanism of the process of dilution and transfer of the components of the domestic reproduction of the value of the national SOP abroad is proposed. The dynamics of the export of agricultural raw materials, the revenue of the industry for 2004-2021 is analyzed. The econometric construction of the rectilinear dependence of the parameters of catch and export of the country's VBR for 2009-2021 was carried out. The dependence of revenue growth rates on the increase in exports of agricultural products for 2009-2021 was revealed. The dependence of the growth of exports of RBD on the index of export prices in US dollars for 2009-2021 was found. The emerging misconception of an increase in the industry's revenue due to the growth of exports, estimated in rubles, has been established. The negative impact of the increase in the sale of raw materials in the form of UBR abroad on revenue growth and the expansion of domestic reproduction of agricultural products has been numerically proven. The results of the study make it possible to use the developed regression analysis tools to quantify the macroeconomic directions of anti-sanctions regulation of the development of the country's agricultural sector.
FINANCE
The objective of this study is to consider new types of fraud related to the use of cryptocurrencies and to obtain practical recommendations aimed at reducing the likelihood of this threat, since the popularity of the cryptocurrency market has grown significantly in the past few years. Russian citizens are actively making transactions with cryptocurrency on specialized online platforms. Users of these financial platforms often encounter fraudsters.
To date, there is no separate rule for cryptocurrency fraud in the legislation of the
Russian Federation, therefore such crimes are qualified under Article 159.6 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Due to the complex principle of functioning of the cryptocurrency, a variety of fraudulent actions appear. In order not to lose money on the accounts of crypto wallets, special care is needed when working with cryptocurrency.
With the beginning of a special military operation in Ukraine, money transfers abroad have become limited for citizens. Banks have begun to introduce high fees, besides, money transfers are unstable, so in such a situation, cryptocurrency becomes a popular tool, transfers and exchanges are made on peer-to-peer platforms.
The Bank of Russia has developed measures aimed at reducing the spread of the cryptocurrency market, as well as the associated negative consequences for the Russian economy. One of the main measures is the consolidation at the legislative level of the norm, which provides for responsibility for the payment of goods and services with cryptocurrency on the territory of the Russian Federation. And also to reduce the issue of cryptocurrencies, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation proposed to introduce restrictions on the creation of p2p platforms and crypto exchanges in Russia and the introduction of a ban on investing in bitcoins and other financial instruments related to cryptocurrency for Russian financial organizations.
The result of the work is a brief description of the main fraudulent schemes, as well as recommendations on how to secure finances that are traded on cryptocurrency platforms.
The article deals with current issues of using raised capital in the form of grants and/or subsidies for scientific, social and technological projects. Particular attention is paid to two major misconceptions. The first one arises in the process of applying for competitive selection of projects and is associated with the lack of a systematic and planned iterative approach to the process of attracting funding for the project by the initiator of the application. The consequences of such a point-by-point and chaotic activity are discussed. The authors present the systematized data on the competitive procedures carried out by the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia, the Foundation for Assistance to Innovations, the Presidential Grants Foundation and the Russian Science Foundation in 2021. The cycle of competitive procedures for different types of projects is demonstrated. The second misconception arises during the implementation of the project at the expense of the grant and/or subsidy, and it consists in underestimating the responsibility for the use of the grant money and the scale of potential losses. The author's analysis of economic disputes on civil legal relations between grant-making organizations and grantees in projects with fully and/or partially unachieved objectives for the period 2020 - 2022 is presented. The paper analyses the size of potential losses of organizations that received grant funding for projects in the form of grants and/or subsidies and failed to fulfil the requirements of the contract (agreement) with the grantor.
WORLD ECONOMY
The study of the economic development of the Balkan countries was conducted using a previously developed methodology for determining and evaluating the dynamics of economic development of countries and a modified methodology for analyzing the level of economic development of the country. 5 Balkan EU countries (Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, Slovenia, Croatia) and 6 non-EU Balkan countries (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Serbia, Turkey, Montenegro) were selected as the object of the study. In the course of the study, using certain indicators of the dynamics of economic development of the country, quantitative estimates of the level of economic development of all 11 Balkan countries were obtained, indices of indicators of the dynamics of economic development of the country, Indices of the dynamics of economic development of the country were calculated, which made it possible to quantify the change in the level of economic development of all these countries, including a generalized quantitative assessment of the dynamics of economic development of the country. The total estimates of the level of economic development of the Balkan countries are calculated, indicators and indices of indicators of the dynamics of economic development of these countries are analyzed. All this made it possible, based on depth comparative analysis of the level and dynamics of economic development of 11 Balkan countries, to quantify the level and dynamics of economic development of each Balkan country, to identify leaders countries and outsider countries among the Balkan countries, to draw conclusions about the level and dynamics of economic development of all Balkan countries.