The issues of comparative analysis of models and methods from econometrics are studied using the example of fish processing enterprises. Attention is focused on the optimality criteria for regression models. Four types of two-factor problems are considered. The first two are linear with the following criteria: a) minimum sum of least squares; b) the minimum of the sum of the smallest modules. The second two are nonlinear, using the Cobb-Douglas function as an example: a) with multiplicative deviations and the criterion of the minimum sum of squared logarithms of relative deviations; b) with additive deviations, the problem is internally nonlinear, with the minimum sum of least squares criterion. Analytical and search methods of solutions are used. 

The work substantiates the relevance of timely identification of the risk of financial insolvency in order to ensure the economic security of the region. The regions of the Northwestern Federal District were ranked, the dynamics of bankruptcies in the Kaliningrad region and regions with comparable values of the integral indicator were analyzed. The main aspects and factors influencing the financial security of organizations, as well as modern technologies and approaches used to identify and prevent financial problems are considered. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of traditional and alternative data, including the use of Big Data, data analytics, machine learning methods and forecasting algorithms to improve forecast accuracy. The article includes a comprehensive review of modern tools for identifying the risk of financial insolvency of enterprises as a threat to the economic security of the region. 

The article is aimed to study the relationship between the analysis of regional and sectoral levels of ensuring economic security, and the search for opportunities to improve the methodological tools used. The author clarifies the essence of the concepts of regional and sectoral economic security, identifies the main problems that a researcher faces when analyzing the level of economic security, and identifies ways to improve the quality of analytical work. Regional economic security is considered from the perspective of a systemic approach, the relationships between the subsystems of a single multi-level system of economic security are determined, the importance of analyzing factors and conditions that are sources of threats to economic security and development opportunities for the object of analysis is determined. A sequence of stages of analysis of the meso-level of economic security has been proposed, and an approach to the formation of a list of indicators for assessing the industries that make up the economic potential of the region has been clarified. 

Fish and fish products are one of the basic food products in Russia. These products are part of a set of critically important food products and significantly affect the state of food security at the micro and macro levels. The purpose of the paper is to identify the key factors that determine the economic accessibility of fish products. Using indicators of average per capita consumption and purchasing power of population income for a given product as an accessibility criterion, we determined that prices are the most significant factor in the accessibility of fish products. The results of the study indicate that the main directions for increasing the economic accessibility of fish products in Russia are regulating prices for these goods and increasing people’s incomes. 

The object of the study is the monetary system. The subject of the study is the mechanisms of countercyclical regulation and monetary policy in retrospect of economic development. The purpose of the study is to identify the provisions of the development of monetary relations by generalizing the problems of forming mechanisms of countercyclical regulation, which are based on the provisions of the theory of cyclical development that do not contradict objective economic laws. The theoretical platform of the research is the contradictions of the nature of money and the content of various basic components of economic development in the process of social reproduction. A generalization of the content of five key contradictions of modern approaches to the development of monetary policy is proposed. The disclosure of the revealed contradictions is considered as a factor in the development of the monetary relations system of the company: the content of the disagreement on the nature of money neutrality and scenarios of changes in the investment resources market are given; the divergence of interests in the implementation of deposit operations with partial reservation and the monopoly right to issue means of circulation is summarized; the development of ideas about the divergence of interests of monetary circulation and factors of cyclical development is considered; the process of credit expansion development and the content of countercyclical programs of banking and monetary schools are analyzed; the features of disagreement in credit expansion, relative prices and stabilization of the value of the monetary unit are presented; the conflict of interests of the monetary system and the formation of the production structure of social reproduction is considered. It was revealed that increasing the effectiveness of countercyclical regulation requires improving the tools of non-inflationary influence on the parameters of monetary circulation, contributing to limiting excessive credit expansion.

This article is dedicated to trade relations between Russia and China. The trade, political, and economic relations of the two countries have a long history and are mutually beneficial at the present time. Today, the relations have a strong foundation for the further development of various sectors of the two countries' economies. However, this development is only possible with the interest and understanding of the benefits on both sides. Analyzing the articles of Russian and Chinese scholars, we understand that the relations are not one-sided and are aimed at a long-term perspective, showing positive trends for development. However, it is important not to forget that there are real threats that can significantly influence Chinese-Russian relations not only at the present moment, but also in their future development.

On December 26, 1991, the USSR ceased to exist. The question of how the economics of 15 former Soviet Union republics have developed over the past 32 years is of considerable both theoretical and practical interest, which became the basis for this study. Its purpose was to determine and evaluate changes in the economic development level and dynamics of the former USSR countries by conducting a comparative analysis of the level and dynamics of economic development. The study used a previously developed methodology for determining and estimating the level and dynamics of the country's economic development, significantly modified taking new circumstances into account. To achieve the purpose of the study, indicators of the dynamics of economic development of the former USSR countries for 2010-2021 were determined. Indices of economic development indicators dynamics for 2010-2015 and 2015-2021 were calculated on this basis. This analysis made it possible to calculate comparative estimates of the level and dynamics of economic development, comparative estimates of changes in the level and dynamics of economic development, the ratio of max and min values of comparative estimates of the level andchanges in the level of economic development, dynamics and changes in the dynamics of economic development of the former USSR countries. To obtain this information, the theoretical and methodological issues that arose during the study were resolved. All this made it possible to conduct a comparative analysis of the level and dynamics of economic development of the countries, the results of which led to conclusions about the level and dynamics of economic development of the countries of the former USSR.

A brief historical digression on the formation of basic approaches to planning and management in the national economic complex of Russia, covering the period from the formation of the young Soviet state to the present day, is carried out.

Based on materials from open sources published by the Accounting Chamber and Rosstat of the Russian Federation, an analysis of the effectiveness of the implementation of state target programs, production activities of enterprises in the field of capital construction and repair, production of building materials and production of construction machinery and equipment was carried out.

As a result of the analysis, it was found that a paradoxical situation has developed in the construction sector in the field of planning and management - manageability, with the accumulated experience, has no tendency to improve it. The efficiency of the construction industry as a whole and its profitability continues to remain at a fairly low level that does not meet international standards. The staffing of the construction industry continues to be inadequate, especially by highly qualified workers of narrow specialization and middle managers.